Tag Archives: CPA

Deciding Which Entity Structure is Best

(c) NATP

If you’re a regular reader, you already know that I’m a huge fan of the National Association of Tax Professionals (NATP), for a bunch of reasons:

  • Fabulous and affordable education with top-notch instructors
  • Straightforward “how-to” resources
  • Practical monthly newsletter with case-studies
  • On-demand “pay as you go” research service
  • And a very fun group of folks at the annual conference!
    (That last one’s a teaser for the final photo in this post.)

I’m especially indebted to NATP because when I first started doing taxes, I wasn’t a CPA yet — and spoiler alert: they don’t really teach you that much about tax preparation when studying for your CPA exams; in fact, three-quarters of the test aren’t related to taxes at all. In those early days, NATP education was the best-quality, most affordable that I could find without being a member of AICPA. (And I tried *all* the groups out, to be clear.)

Anyway, point here is that not only do you not have to be a CPA or EA to take and benefit from their classes — in fact, you don’t even have to be a tax preparer. I am a passionate proponent of teaching bookkeepers what they need to know about taxes to be better at their jobs, coordinate and communicate effectively with their clients’ tax preparers, and level-up by providing value-added advisory services to their clients.

To that end, here’s an upcoming NATP webinar that I suspect will be pretty dang useful for anyone doing client accounting work — bookkeeping, tax, advisory, CAS, and so on. You don’t even have to be a member to attend.

I get a lot of questions and see a great deal of misinformation out there about entity choice… here’s an opportunity to learn more about how to help your clients decide which entity structure is the best choice for them.

(Note: this is *not* a referral link — I’m just really excited about this education getting out there into the world. The presenter, Larry Pon, is a great guy and super-knowledgeable about all the ins-and-outs of this topic.)

From NATP:

Proficient knowledge in selecting the optimal entity structure is vital as it directly shapes a business’s tax outcomes. Strategic choices can enhance deductions, reduce liabilities and ensure regulatory compliance, contributing significantly to a business’s financial well-being and long-term success.

We know you want the best for your clients, so we want to arm you with the knowledge to do so.

As clients start new businesses, one of the major decisions to make is what entity type is best for them? Limited liability companies are by far the most commonly selected type, but did you know, the IRS doesn’t recognize LLCs as an official entity? LLCs can default to a disregarded entity or a partnership depending on the number of members they have, or they can select S or C corporation status.

Our upcoming webinar, Deciding Which Entity Structure is Best, will teach you how to:

  • List the different entity options
  • Identify the default entity options for LLCs
  • Summarize the pros and cons of the different entity options

Wednesday, Feb. 21, 2:00 p.m. CT
Thursday, Feb. 22, 10:00 a.m. CT
Pre-order the on-demand version
Register here.

Yes, it is open to non-members! The price varies from $0 to $48 depending on membership status.

And now, the promised photo from my teaser, above — one of many crazy pics at the 2019 NATP National Tax Conference in Chicago.

Yep, that’s me! They don’t call me The Dancing Accountant for being a wallflower, that’s for sure.

Tax Season 2023 Is Officially Open! Maybe. Okay, Not So Fast.

(Many thanks to the AICPA Town Hall for allowing members to leverage their resources, such as the slides included in this article. The opinions shared here are the author’s and not those of AICPA or CPA.com.)

Tax preparers everywhere spent the past two months gearing up for yesterday’s “opening day” of tax season, January 29th. It was an exciting time for us, as it was finally going to be a return to normal. What does that even mean anymore, you might ask? Well, most of the pandemic financial relief programs have wrapped up (save a straggler ERC claim here or there); amendments resulting from that era have almost all been filed; the odd rebates and credits that no one remembered the amounts for were a thing of the past; there were no last-minute tax extenders; and the season end-date actually lands on April 15th for the first time in ages. It felt like we finally had a handle on things and were back to the “normal” amount of seasonal overwork — rather than a Herculean lift, as was the case for the past four years.

Enter Congress. Despite the fact that The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), National Association of Tax Professionals (NATP) and small business advocacy groups have been lobbying for over a year to get an extension of certain popular tax benefits that expired in 2023, our leaders somehow managed to wait until after year-end to introduce legislation to that effect — Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act — in a spectacular show of bipartisan ignorance. Never mind that the IRS e-file has been offline since November 18th, because it takes over two months to reprogram the systems for new tax laws, updates, and edits to tax forms.

As for January 30th, the legislation has yet to come up for a vote. And yet the IRS is telling taxpayers to go ahead and file when ready, and makes no reference to the pending legislation in today’s Outreach Connection email.

Some of the anticipated changes if the legislation passes as-written include popular business expensing programs that are designed to be leveraged throughout the year. Making them retroactive does nothing to spur the economy, as the decisions to buy equipment, invest in R&D, or take out loans were already made, last year.

To be clear: I’m not saying these aren’t potentially good changes for tax law, business, and the economy. Just that doing it at this late date is misguided in far too many ways.

And the part I really don’t understand is this: IRS Commissioner Werfel told reporters last Friday, “If there’s a change that impacts your return, we will make the change, and we will send you the update — whether it’s an additional refund or otherwise — without you having to take additional steps.” This is simply impossible for most of the business expensing features of the law, which are voluntary elections on the part of the taxpayer. Presumably this is a reference to the child tax credit provisions in the legislation — which have gotten the most press, but have little effect on small business owners, and are a small portion of the actual bill.

The House Ways and Means Committee released a statement recently indicating that the IRS “confirmed its intention to make necessary systems updates by around six weeks after the date of enactment”. Six weeks. Most refunds are issued within three. Six weeks takes us past the S-Corp and Partnership filing deadline. Six weeks?

Speaking of that deadline, many states announced e-filing would begin on the same date as the IRS opened federal tax season, but it turns out that our state (and I’m guessing others) did not release their S-Corp or Partnership forms with enough advance notice for our third-party tax software to program them into their system, so we are unable to e-file any Illinois business tax returns until February 7th. And we were freaking out about that delay. I can’t imagine what six weeks will look like.

To say nothing of the fact that the next government shutdown deadline is scheduled for one week before business tax returns are due. This should make for an even more laid-back season.

And to add to all of this, that the bill is being funded by an early end to the Employee Retention Credit program, as of January 31, 2024. We spent all of last week scrambling to get the remaining claims in, and won’t know whether that sprint was worth the anxiety or not until this bill passes (or doesn’t) — I feel terrible for those who find out in February that their claim’s due date is suddenly in the past.

Again, some of the provisions in this bill are great ideas — well thought-through, balanced, as well as good for business, families, and potentially the economy. Bad players in the world of ERC mills will finally have to deal with some consequences, and the 1099 burden for small vendors and freelancers will be eased as the threshold is finally indexed for inflation. Some good stuff.

So let’s pass this as 2024 legislation, just in time for the new year, as it should be… and get out of the way of tax season, already!


If this or any other posts on the website were useful to you, and your financial situation permits it, please consider contributing to my tip jar. Ths allows me to continue to provide free accounting resources to small businesses who do not have the funds available to hire a CPA.

The Dancing Accountant on Canopy’s “Practice Success Podcast”

It always feels a bit surreal to watch yourself being interviewed, but KC Brothers and Gaynor Hardy (Meilke) did such an incredible job with this piece — which Canopy recently released in their “Practice Success Podcast” — that I actually found myself revisiting some important points I hadn’t thought about in a while.

It’s not fluff! They asked real questions about issues affecting our industry: we delved into branding your passions, company culture and how we strive to make our firm more human, what that has to do with artificial intelligence — AND the attention we need to give language and training in a world where AI is an integral part of our worklife.

Three Main Themes, as outlined by the producers: 

  1. Integrating passions and work: The importance of integrating passion and personal interests into professional work, as seen through Nancy McClelland’s incorporation of dancing into her accounting career.
  2. Creating your own brand: Creating a unique brand and identity in the accounting industry, exemplified by The Dancing Accountant firm helps to build relationships with clients and leave a memorable impression.
  3. Benefits & Challenges of AI: The benefits and challenges of incorporating AI and automation in accounting ensure a balance between technological advancements and human skills. This includes improving efficiency and the need for ongoing evaluation and training within a firm. 

And I’m going to add that we talked a lot about company culture and work-life balance as well. We fit a lot into 20 minutes.

It was a great conversation and I hope these themes resonate with you and add value to your day! Find the full episode here, where you can choose your favorite podcast platform: https://ow.ly/vwYQ50QrRRf.

Side note: I don’t think of myself as a “name dropper” — but I do love to share props with the people and tools that make a difference in my life. To that end, this episode (recorded at Joe Woodard & Heather Satterley‘s Scaling New Heights conference) is chock-full of mentors and colleagues such as John Garrett, Misty Megia, Douglas Sleeter, Hector Garcia CPA & Mark Corum‘s RightTool, Blake Oliver, CPA and Questian Telka, EA. If this podcast introduces you to any of these fabulous mentors and colleagues, then I’ll consider it a major win. You can thank me later.

The Confluence of Bookkeeping, Tax & Advisory: How to Thrive in the New Accounting Landscape (12/6 @ 3:30 pm ET)

Insightful Accountant is hosting their last Future Forward virtual conference of the year on December 5-6, and I’m delighted to be presenting an exciting topic that resonates with the theme of Niches, Trends, and Predictions for 2024.

I love this particular webinar series, as it’s a fabulous opportunity to connect with peers, get the latest industry updates, and explore best practices, new tech, and other developments in accounting. They do a nice job of speaking both to bookkeepers and tax professionals, as well as tech-related and accounting-adjacent firms. This round will comprise 2 days, 9 speakers, and 11 topics as we share our knowledge, strategies and tactics. If you’re focused on launching, transforming, or growing your business — this is for you. Plus, it’s free if you attend live ($25 fee for the recording, which is totally worth it, as they’re able to subsidize the education without your having to sit through vendor commercial plugs).

My session will be held on Day 2 December 6th at 3:30 pm Eastern, and is called “The Confluence of Bookkeeping, Tax, and Advisory: How to Thrive in the New Accounting Landscape“. It was written with two groups in mind — bookkeepers and tax preparers, both running their own practices — who are getting all sorts of pressure to expand into advisory services. It’s about the trend toward co-firming and other ways to work together in order to serve the clients better, add value/charge more, and develop professional relationships that will bring you more business.

I recently attended QuickBooks Connect, and it got me all riled up (again) about the confluence we’re seeing between CPA firms moving into Client Accounting & Advisory Services (CAAS) and bookkeeping firms moving into advisory services… two previously distinct worlds starting to converge. I feel like the bookkeeping and accounting practices are often dancing technology circles around tax firms — and yet CPAs still look down on them as if they were data entry robots.

It’s time to start communicating with each other!

Bookkeepers –> learn how to “speak tax” with CPAs. Own your spot at the table.

CPAs/EAs –> bookkeepers are your friends! They have the personal relationships and tech know-how that you lack!

Let’s talk about co-firming as one of the accounting trends of 2024.

1. Discover how the scope at CPA and bookkeeping firms is starting to overlap and converge, and why that’s a good thing for you and your clients.

2. Identify the potential challenges and opportunities that this new accounting landscape brings, and how to turn them to your advantage.

3. Apply strategies and techniques to partner across or within firms, to update your accounting practice and stay ahead of the curve.

Join Insightful Accountant and me at Future Forward on December 6th as we talk about what this landscape can look like.

The Confluence of Bookkeeping, Tax, and Advisory: How to Thrive in the New Accounting Landscape – Future Forward December 5-6 2023 by Insightful Accountant (heysummit.com)

But it’s not just me! There’s an amazing lineup of speakers and sessions:

Day 1 – Dec 5

  • Checking in with QuickBooks Checking + Envelopes with Alicia Katz Pollock with Royalwise Solutions, Inc.
  • Strategies For Niching Success with Kellie Parks from Calmwaters Cloud Accounting
  • Niche to an Ideal Client Roster with Debra Kilsheimer from Profit Creator
  • Firm of the Future: Unlocking the Power of the Vertical Niche with Gregg Bossen – Creator/President of QuickBooks® Made Easy™

Day 2 – Dec 6

  • 5 Strategies to Maximize Firm Success Through Onboarding Mastery and Strategic Outsourcing with Vanessa Vasquez from QuickBooks en Espanol
  • Automate Tax Season with AI with Christine Gervais from Epiphany Group
  • Grow Your Practice with Highly Profitable Reporting for Multi-Entity Clients with Charles Nagel from Qvinci and William Murphy from Insightful Accountant
  • The Confluence of Bookkeeping, Tax, and Advisory: How to Thrive in the New Accounting Landscape with Nancy McClelland from the Dancing Accountant

The live event is free, the recordings will be made available for a nominal fee. Just click on this link to sign up.

See you there!


Nancy McClelland Featured on Accounting Insiders Podcast

Check out the podcast on Insightful Accountant’s YouTube channel.

I met the charming and intelligent Christine Gervais earlier this year, having shared an article of hers from Tax Practice News to my LinkedIn feed with my own perspectives. We immediately connected and met via zoom to get to know each other better, compare notes on our practices, and discuss ways in which we might collaborate. (Side note: TPN picked up an important article of mine shortly afterwards due to Christine’s recommendation.)

What an honor that some months later, I was named one of Insightful Accountant’s Top 100 ProAdvisors of the Year and accepted the award at the annual Scaling New Heights conference. I had recommended the jam-packed educational event to Christine, and to my delight, she attended and we met in-person. What neither of us expected was that she ended up being the interviewer in my Top 100 spot with Insightful Accountant, as Tax Practice News is a sister publication.

The question posed was, “if you could start your own practice over again, what would you do differently?” As anyone who has been in the industry — or run their own business — for a while knows, we are constantly making mistakes and learning from them. The goal is not to make the same one twice. So it’s natural to have regrets. But sharing those stories can be immensely helpful to others in the space — whether it’s younger entrepreneurs wondering which next steps to take, or colleagues who feel isolated because they think they’re the only ones who don’t have it all figured out yet.

We had a lovely chat — she’s very easygoing and conversational — and covered the following topics, among others:

  • Hiring your first employee
  • Traits in an ideal team member – intelligence, written skills, ability to learn, detail-oriented, team-player, caring attitude, enthusiasm
  • Interviewing with an eye toward building team culture
  • How teams can collaborate
  • Networking with colleagues
  • Trusting your team and clients to support each other
  • Importance of joining a professional organization and attending conferences
  • Standardizing systems and establishing workflows
  • Teaching accountants and bookkeepers what they need to know to specialize and establish a niche
  • How to find your professional community
  • Identifying and improving processes

I also give a shout-out to a few favorite resources, such as Keeper, AICPA Town Hall series, NATP’s tax education, NSAC and Co-op Professionals Guild, and of course, Bookkeeping Buds.

So check it out! And as always, please give us a like and a comment if you enjoyed it — really does mean so much to us and is very helpful in continuing to reach our audience.


If this or any other posts on the website were useful to you, and your financial situation permits it, please consider contributing to my tip jar. Ths allows me to continue to provide free accounting resources to small businesses who do not have the funds available to hire a CPA.

Conference Alert: The Unique CPA “Bridging The Gap”, Aug 29-30, 2023

I’ve been a fan of Randy Crabtree’s Unique CPA podcast for a while, and though we’ve run across each other at accounting technology conferences here and there, I had no idea that he was so committed to our industry as to hold an entire in-person event for us! The upcoming “Bridging The Gap” conference will be held right near Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport, and promises two full days of education and networking (plus an optional pre-conference).

Especially exciting is the lineup of sessions by some of my favorite speakers, including Dawn Brolin, Nayo Carter-Gray, David Leary, Kellie Parks, Blake Oliver, John Garrett, Paul Hamann, and Gaynor Hardy-Meilke. (I’m sure the other presenters are delightful as well, but this tried-and-true list is GOLD, in my opinion.) Check out the agenda here.

Randy’s conference has been virtual the past two years, and this is the first time it’s being held in-person. The focus is on bringing a fresh focus to work-life balance and how it relates to making us better professionals and people. The emphasis on physical and mental health truly makes this a unique conference in the accounting world. I think this was the claim that got me to click the sign-up button:

And even better… you can use code BTG23RTDISC for $150 off the In-Person Conference ticket!

Just to be clear — I’m not being paid to promote this conference… any of our regular readers already knows that I’m passionate about education and community. Realizing that there’s yet one more opportunity to find both at this under-promoted conference motivated me to share — to make sure that my colleagues know not to miss it. Register here and join me August 29-30. Leave a note in the comments if you’ll be there and we’ll try to connect!


If this or any other posts on the website were useful to you, and your financial situation permits it, please consider contributing to my tip jar. Ths allows me to continue to provide free accounting resources to small businesses who do not have the funds available to hire a CPA.

Top Five Tax Benefits Your Preparer Might Be Forgetting

(c) Nataliya Vaitkevich via Pexels

I used to find it annoying when a client would forward me an article about a tax deduction or credit, to make sure I would take it on their tax return. But even though I take approximately 70 credit hours of continuing education each year (almost twice the requirement for Illinois CPAs), every once-in-a-while a new tax law falls between the cracks, or I might not realize a given client is suddenly eligible for an old one. So, while 99% of these shares are “old news”, it’s worth avoiding the eye roll and taking a look just in case. Out with the ego, in with the knowledge.

To that end, when you do share something with your tax preparer, I beg you to phrase it in respectful language that recognizes they are experts in their field. Examples: “I’m sure you already know about this but just wanted to play it safe,” or “I read about this new tax law and am constantly amazed at how much y’all have to keep up with; any chance this applies to my situation?”

There are five tax benefits I’ve noticed — in my interactions with colleagues at conferences, in webinar chat, or in our online communities — that seem to keep flying under the radar. Most likely the tax preparer is expecting the bookkeeper or taxpayer to bring it up if one of these situations exists, but they may not know it’s significant, and may forget to note it in the books or tax organizer. So, to make sure we’re all on the same page, here are a few choice tax benefits that are often overlooked.

  • Credit for Small Employer Retirement Plan Startup Costs
  • Employer Credit for Paid Family and Medical Leave
  • Restaurant Meals Enhanced Deduction (2021 & 2022 only)
  • Self-Employed Health Insurance
  • Health Insurance Premium Tax Credit

Credit for Small Employer Retirement Plan Startup Costs —
SECURE 2.0 gets most of the airtime these days, but back in late 2019, the original version of this law passed, making it easier for small business owners to set up “safe harbor” retirement plans that are less expensive and easier to administer, and made them accessible to a wider range of employees. Although many of these benefits were modified and expanded upon with SECURE 2.0, the new rules didn’t take effect until 2023. But that shouldn’t stop you (or your preparer) from taking a look at the benefits in place in 2022. For starters, Form 8881, Credit for Small Employer Pension Plan Startup Costs provides for a maximum tax credit of up to $500 per year for startup costs, and another $500 per year to employers who create a 401(k) or SIMPLE IRA plan with automatic enrollment. This benefit is a win-win for employers and employees, especially when the employee additionally qualifies for the retirement savers’ credit.

Employer Credit for Paid Family and Medical Leave —
Effective starting 2018, the Section 45S Employer Credit for Paid Family and Medical Leave is designed to cover up to 25% of the cost to employers of providing paid family and medical leave to their staff. The FMLA credit is claimed on Form 8994, Employer Credit for Paid Family and Medical Leave. To qualify, employers must have a written policy providing all eligible employees access to at least two weeks of paid family and medical leave annually, paid at 50% or more of normal wages (yes, short-term disability policies often count).

Policies must also include leave that covers one or more of the following:
– Birth of a child
– Adoption or fostering of a child
– Care for a spouse or family member with a serious health condition
– Employee’s own serious health condition
– Spouses and family member of certain active military members

Employers can claim the credit for up to 12 weeks of paid leave benefits. It’s available through 2025 and the IRS has an FAQ on it that’s chock-full of details.

Restaurant Meal 100% Deduction —
For 2021 and 2022 only, businesses can deduct the full cost of business-related food and beverages purchased from a restaurant; the limit is usually 50% of the meal, so this can be quite a savings. For our own clients, we’re simply exporting the entire “Meals” category from their financial software and reviewing all payees, sorting out the ones that are not restaurants… yet another benefit for small business owners who heed our cry to “please add payees to all transactions”.

Per the IRS, to qualify for the enhanced deduction:
– The business owner or an employee of the business must be present when food or beverages are provided.
– Meals must be from restaurants, which includes businesses that prepare and sell food or beverages to retail customers for immediate on-premises or off-premises consumption.
– Payment or billing for the food and beverages occurs after December 31, 2020, and before January 1, 2023.
– The expense cannot be lavish or extravagant.
– Grocery stores, convenience stores and other businesses that mostly sell pre-packaged goods not for immediate consumption, do not qualify as restaurants. ­

Self-Employed Health Insurance Deduction —
Now, this may sound obvious, since almost everyone knows that self-employed people are generally allowed to deduct their health insurance premiums for themselves, their spouses, and their dependents (and in some cases, non-dependent children). Yet we often see this benefit overlooked on tax returns, especially when S-Corp shareholders pay for their insurance through work. There are special and complex rules regarding how this health insurance deduction is claimed, which I suspect is why it is often missed (or sometimes duplicated). It’s important to understand that this is not a business deduction; neither do you have to itemize to take it. The deduction is claimed as a reduction of taxable income, and applies only to income taxes, not to self-employment taxes. It also needs to be subtracted from Section 199A Qualified Business Income before calculating the QBI Deduction, and there are complex issues when it interacts with the Premium Tax Credit (see below), so keep an eye out for these potential issues when claiming this important tax benefit.

Premium Tax Credit —
This one is often overlooked on tax returns in more than one direction… often the client forgets to provide Form 1095-A (Marketplace Health Insurance) to their preparer, which shows the advance premium tax credit, and therefore any increase or decrease in the credit based on the current year’s income is missed. How does this happen? Well, the credit is based on the prior tax year’s income, but “reconciled” on the tax return against the current tax year’s income — therefore, if the taxpayer had a good year, they may lose most or all of their credit. By contrast, in more difficult times, they may find out on the return that they’re entitled to more of a credit than they received. Not everyone enrolled on the Marketplace is eligible for a credit, so it’s easy to miss in the long list of tax organizer questions if the client doesn’t know to ask or to submit the form.

Per the IRS: If you benefit from advance payments of the premium tax credit, it is important to report life changes to the Marketplace as they happen throughout the year. Certain changes to your household, income or family size may affect the amount of your premium tax credit. These changes can alter your tax refund, or cause you to owe tax. Reporting these changes promptly will help you get the proper type and amount of financial assistance. For more information, see Claiming the Credit and Reconciling Advance Credit Payments.


To be fair to tax preparers everywhere, there is far more in the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) than any one person could ever know, which is part of why CPAs are required in most states to obtain more continuing education credits than almost any other professional designation. (Though keep in mind — there is no requirement that a tax preparer be a CPA, or even an EA. See here for my guide to finding a qualified tax preparer in your area.) The past five years have seen unprecedented increases in tax law complexity, and quite frankly — it’s hard to keep it all straight. So if you’re concerned your tax preparer is missing something, please approach the matter with respect and deference, and do not judge too harshly if they happen to have missed something. Just be glad you read this article and caught it in time! (And if you didn’t catch it in time, ask them about filing an amendment.)


If this or any other posts on the website were useful to you, and your financial situation permits it, please consider contributing to my tip jar. Ths allows me to continue to provide free accounting resources to small businesses who do not have the funds available to hire a CPA.

Fundamentals of Co-op Taxation — A “Must Watch” NSAC Webinar, 4/19/23

Everyone who reads my blog or works with me knows I’m a vocal proponent of the cooperative structure as a sustainable and enriching alternative to classic shareholder business models. Co-ops allow companies to distribute wealth among those that do business with it, rather than to investors just trying to make a buck. They exist to fulfill member needs, rather than to generate profit — though they can be lucrative to those involved. They also often have “collateral goals” that are in concert with the main mission, which often are focused on community engagement, social equity, and environmental issues.

However, there simply aren’t enough accountants out there who know about this model, or how to navigate some of the special treatment under Internal Revenue Code. That’s why the work that the National Society of Accountants for Cooperatives is essential. They provide the education and outreach to help accountants excel in this often-misunderstood realm of society.

To that end, I want to encourage folks who might be interested in breaking into this area to attend the upcoming “Fundamentals of Cooperative Taxation” webinar coming up next Wednesday, April 19th. What better way to relax after Tax Day than by watching a webinar on an unfamiliar area of taxation, right?

I happen to know one of the presenters, Teree Castanias, personally, and let me say, she is a powerhouse of knowledge! You don’t want to miss this class. As a bonus, the webinar is FREE to NSAC members (and only $59 for non-members). Use this as an opportunity to join today and get an amazing slate of webinars delivered to the comfort of your home every month.

And while you’re in there, consider watching a recording of my recent NSAC presentation on grocery, housing, and worker co-ops, entitled “Hippie Co-ops? Expanding Your Co-op Expertise to Other Cooperative Niches“. It was a hit, if I do say so myself!

Fundamentals of Cooperative Taxation

Date: Wednesday, April 19, 2023
Time: 01:00 PM ET / 12:00 PM CT / 11:00 AM MT / 10:00 AM PT
Presenters: Teree Castanias, CPA, Principal, Teresa Castanias, CPA, Brett Huston, CPA, Tax Managing Director, Associate National Director of Cooperative Tax Services, KPMG – retired
Moderator: Wayne Sine, CPA, MBA, Director of Education, National Society of Accountants for Cooperatives
Objective: 
1. To operate on a cooperative basis for tax purposes, a company must meet specific tax rules in Subchapter T of the Internal Revenue Code. Attendees will understand the basic rules that must be met under Subchapter T.
2. Attendees will learn the definition of a patronage dividend and how it can be computed and distributed to members/patrons.
3. Attendees will also learn about the taxation of the member/patron, and the Form 1120-C that is used by Subchapter T cooperatives for filing its tax return.
Field of Study: Taxes
Program Level: Basic
CPE Credit: 1.5 Credit Hours
Delivery Method: Group Internet-based
Prerequisite(s): No advanced preparation or prerequisites are required for this course.

Course Description

Teree Castanias and Brett Huston, both CPAs, will present the basic rules of Subchapter T of the Internal Revenue Code and describe how those rules affect a cooperative’s tax return, Form 1120-C.

This session will be helpful for anyone who wants to know what tax rules are required for a cooperative.

Presenter and Moderator Bios

Presenter: Teree Castanias, CPA, Principal, Teresa Castanias, CPA

Teree is a CPA and has been working with cooperatives for over 40 years.  She retired from KPMG in September 2009 after 32 years where she was a Tax Partner and the firm’s National Director for Cooperatives.  She has worked with many types of cooperatives over the years, including large and small agricultural marketing and supply cooperatives, wholesale grocery, specialty supply, rural electric, Farm Credit agricultural lending, consumer grocery, and worker cooperatives of various types.  She has assisted cooperatives from inception throughout their corporate life.  Teree has been active in legislative issues affecting cooperatives, including Section 199 in 2005 and its predecessor provision, Section 199A, in 2017.  Teree is active in several cooperative organizations – National Council of Farmer Cooperatives, National Society of Accountants for Cooperatives, and recently Cooperative Professional Guild.  She has been in leadership positions in NCFC and NSAC and is a frequent speaker at webinars and conferences of all of these organizations.

Teree continues to provide cooperative consulting and litigation support services to all types of cooperatives in her own firm from October 2009 to present.

Teree recently retired from the Farm Credit West board of directors upon its merger with Northwest Farm Credit Services which became AgWest Farm Credit.  She also served on the board of directors of California Center for Cooperative Development in Davis, California for over 15 years.  Currently she is serving as a board advisor to Wine Service Cooperative in Napa, California, and as a Finance Committee member for Davis Food Cooperative in Davis, California.

Presenter: Brett Huston, CPA, Tax Managing Director, Associate National Director of Cooperative Tax Services, KPMG – retired

Brett is a CPA located in Auburn California. He has been working with cooperatives for over 32 years. He will be retired from KPMG in February 2023 and will continue to work with cooperatives in retirement. Brett was a Tax Managing Director with KPMG and the Associate National Director of cooperative tax services for KPMG working out of the Sacramento office. He has worked with agriculture marketing, supply, rural electric, consumer and Farm credit cooperatives. He has experience in providing tax compliance and consulting services to cooperatives including consultation regarding Section 199A, patronage and nonpatronage allocations, cooperative bylaw review, and state and local cooperative issues. He is currently a tax member of the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives and the National Society of Accountants for Cooperatives.

Moderator: Wayne Sine, CPA, MBA, Director of Education, National Society of Accountants for Cooperatives

Wayne Sine is an experienced and highly knowledgeable professional in the field of Tax. Wayne recently retired as Tax Director from his company, Southern States Cooperative. He has extensive experience working with agricultural cooperatives and has been a long-time member of the NSAC. He is extremely active in the NSAC, serving as both past Chapter President of the Atlantic Chapter, and past Chair of the Tax Committee, and is currently serving as the NSAC Director of Education. Wayne’s career is marked by several accomplishments, and he has always been involved in many organizations, spreading his knowledge. Wayne is a member of the Legal, Tax, and Accounting (LTA) Committee for the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives. He is also Past Chair of both the Tax Committee of the Virginia Chamber of Commerce and the Virginia Manufacturers Association. Wayne also served on the Tax Policy Committee at the Virginia Society of CPAs and served as past Region Vice President for the Tax Executives Institute.

Cost
Free for NSAC Members / $56.00 for Non-Members


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How to Find a Qualified Tax Preparer In Your Geographic Area

As you might imagine, we get quite a few inquiries for tax preparation services, but a) we only do taxes for our small business accounting & bookkeeping clients, and b) we only work with clients in Illinois, Indiana and Wisconsin. I’m currently in the process of interviewing qualified CPAs and bookkeepers to develop a vetted list of firms to whom I can refer potential clients, but in the meantime, I do have a solution for finding a good local tax preparer — the National Association of Tax Professionals’ Find a Tax Preparer (natptax.com) searchable directory.

NATP is one of my favorite professional organizations, and their “Find A Tax Pro” tool works great! When you use the link above, it will automatically filter for folks who are NATP members — which means these people are voluntarily taking the extra step to obtain excellent education in the field on a monthly basis (via e-newsletters, webinars, conferences, their research service, quizzes, and the regular TaxPro magazine), as tax guidance changes so frequently.

(No, I don’t earn commissions for this — I just have great respect for them, have been a member most of my career, have taken countless courses with their instructors, and have been generally impressed with their research service. I also really appreciate what a solid ratio they have of female officers, managers and instructors, which is not always the case in my field. They still need to work on DEI, but let’s be real: so does everyone in accounting and tax, to be honest. It’s an arena rife with underrepresentation issues.)

My suggestion is to use the search box on the right (after you click the button on the bottom of the landing page) and enter the following:

1) What do you need? Tax Preparer

2) Specializing in? All

3) Located in? Type in your city and see if it comes up — if not, pick a slightly larger city nearby, or even your entire state if you prefer.

The thing is, taxes don’t have to be done by a local preparer (so many of us are remote at this point) — however, you do want to work with someone who understands the specific requirements of your geographic area.

Let’s say you were in Chicago, for example — as a local accountant who specializes in small businesses, I might ask things like: whether or not you are collecting/paying sales tax, use tax, bag tax, soda tax, restaurant tax; or if you’re licensed properly with the city; or if your staff is up-to-date on requirements for sexual harassment training; or whether or not your company is in compliance with minimum wage, sick pay, and retirement requirements for employees… but someone outside of this area might not even know those requirements exist.

So even though it might be a remote relationship, it’s still best to go with someone from your area if you can. They might know something about your industry’s requirements in that area that a non-local would not.

Then lastly, scan or do an on-screen search of whatever list comes up based on your filters, and look for people who have the letters “CPA” or “EA” after their names. These are practitioners who went the extra mile (or twenty) to get a professional designation — it doesn’t mean they know everything, but they’re clearly committed to learning everything they can about tax law, so you want one of them!

And if you find a fabulous CPA in the Chicago area who is still taking on new clients, please let me know in the comments! (Bonus points for women-owned firms; extra bonus points for CPAs that offer tax, accounting, bookkeeping and advisory services.)


If this or any other posts on the website were useful to you, and your financial situation permits it, please consider contributing to my tip jar. Ths allows me to continue to provide free accounting resources to small businesses who do not have the funds available to hire a CPA.